Video from Love Unrelenting
"Ric Machuga, author of "The Story of Christianity Told as Good News for All," talks about atonement theories." from video introduction
Penal Substitutionary Atonement
"Penal substitutionary atonement refers to the doctrine that Christ died on the cross as a substitute for sinners. God imputed the guilt of our sins to Christ, and he, in our place, bore the punishment that we deserve. This was a full payment for sins, which satisfied both the wrath and the righteousness of God, so that He could forgive sinners without compromising His own holy standard.
Background.." from the article: Penal Substitutionary Atonement
Christus Victor
"DEFINITION Christus Victor is the element of the atoning work of Christ that emphasizes the triumph of Christ over the evil powers of the world, through which he rescues his people and establishes a new relationship between God and the world.
SUMMARY Although the language of vicarious satisfaction to describe the atonement is more prevalent among evangelicals today, a somewhat different metaphor to describe elements of Christ’s atoning work has come to be called the Christus Victor view, which is Latin for “Christ the Victor.” This view, which characterizes much of the language of the New Testament and early church fathers like Irenaeus, brings out the themes of the victory of God in Christ over the evil powers of the world, mainly Satan. By defeating the evil powers that oppose God, Jesus Christ rescued his people from Satan and established himself as the rightful king of the cosmos. This view is not exclusive to the penal substitutionary view, as can be seen by the presence of both in the writings of figures such as Martin Luther and John Calvin. This view was brought into discussion again in contemporary times by Gustaf Aulén, an early-20th century Swedish theologian..." from the article: Christus Victor
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